The Roman Empire reached its greatest extent under the reign of Trajan, from Britannia in the west to Mesopotamia in the east. Hadrian realized that it was overextended and withdrew from lands conquered in the east.
Here is a more detailed, print-friendly version of the map.
Return to Western Mediterranean Lands of the Bible
Want to dive deeper?
Chris Scarre, The Penguin Historical Atlas of Ancient Rome (New York: Penguin Random House, 1995).
This atlas traces the rise and fall of the Roman Empire, examining its provinces and cities, its trade and economy, its armies and frontier defenses; following its foreign wars and internecine struggles. It traces its transformation into a Christian theocracy and its fall in 476 CE.
Theodor Mommsen, The History of Rome, Part 1: The Provinces from Caesar to Diocletian, translated by William P. Dickson (New York: Charles Scribner’s Sons, 1906).
